Each of the four Vedas consists of a Samhita, a Brahmana; an Aranyaka  and an Upanishad. Because the Upanishads constitute the concluding portions of the Vedas, they are called vedanta (“the conclusion of the Vedas”), and they serve as the foundational texts in the theological discourses of many Hindu traditions that are also known as Vedanta. The Sanskrit term Upaniṣad translates to “sitting down near”, referring to the student sitting down near the teacher while receiving esoteric knowledge. Although there are more than 200 Upanishads, only thirteen have been identified out as presenting the core teachings. They are the Chandogya, Kena, Aitareya, Kaushitaki, Katha, Mundaka, Taittriyaka, Brihadaranyaka, Svetasvatara, Isa, Prasna, Mandukya and the Maitri Upanishads.

The Upanishads were collectively considered amongst the 100 Most Influential Books ever written by the British poet Martin Seymour-Smith. Their significance has been recognized by writers and scholars and they also noted similarity between the doctrine of Upanishads and those of Plato and Kant.

From Rig Veda (10) From Sama Veda (16) From Yajur Veda (50) From Adharva Veda (32)
Aitareya  Kena  Katha  Prasna 
Atmabodha  Chandogya  Taittiriya  Mandukya 
Kaushitaki  Maha  Ishavasya  Mundaka 
Mudgala  Maithrayani  Brihadaranyaka  Athma 
Nirvana  Vajrasuci  Akshi  Surya 
Nadabindu  Savithri  Ekakshara  Narada-Parivrajakas 
Akshamalika  Aruneya  Garbha  Parabrahma 
Thripura  Kundika  Pranagnihothra  Paramahamsa-Parivrajakas 
Bahvricha  Maithreyi  Shvethashwathrara  Pasupatha-Brahma 
Saubhagya-Lakshmi  Sanyasa  Shariraka  Mahavakya 
  Jabaladarshana  Shukarahasya  Sandilya 
  Yogachudamani  Skanda  Krishna 
  Avyaktha  Sarvasara  Garuda 
  Vasudeva  Adhyatma  Gopalatapani 
  Jabali  Niralamba  Tripadavibhuti-mahnarayana 
  Rudrakshajabala  Paingala  Dattatreya 
    Manthrika  Kaivalya 
    Mukthika  Narsinhatapini 
    Subala  Ramatapani 
    Avadhutha  Ramarahasya 
    Kadharudra  Hayagriva 
    Brahma  Atharvasikha 
    Jabala  Atharvasira 
    Turiyatita  Ganapati
    Paramahamsa  Brihajjabala 
    Bhikshuka  Sarabha 
    Yajnavalkya  Annapurna 
    Satyayani  Tripuratapani 
    Amritanada  Devi 
    Amrithabindu  Bhava 
    Kshurika  BhasmaJabala 
    Thejobindu  Sita
    Dhyanabindu   
    Brahmavidya   
    Yogakundali   
    Yogatattva   
    Yogasikha   
    Varaha   
    Advayataraka   
    Trisikhibrahmana   
    Mandalabrahmana   
    Hansa   
    Kalisantaraa   
    Dakshinamurti   
    Panchabrahma   
    Rudrahrdaya   
    KalagniRudra   
    Yajniki (Narayana)   
    Tharasara   
    Sarasvatirahasya   
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