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Hanuman explains about four Yugas

The mighty-armed Bhimasena, full of affection and joy, respectfully bowed to his elder brother, the revered monkey-chief, and spoke with kindness, “There is none as fortunate as I am, for I have now seen my elder brother. I am truly grateful for this honour and find great happiness in your presence. I have but one desire, if you would fulfil it. I wish to witness that extraordinary form of yours—the one in which you leaped over the vast ocean, that dwelling of sharks and crocodiles. Seeing this would satisfy me and affirm my faith in your words.”

Smiling gently, Hanuman replied, “My dear brother, neither you nor anyone else can behold that form of mine. Things were different in those times, and they are not the same now. Each yuga, or age, has its own distinct qualities. In the Krita Yuga, conditions were one way. In Treta Yuga they were different, and they changed further in Dvapara Yuga. As each age progresses, a gradual decline occurs, and that mighty form I once had has diminished with the times. All things—earth, rivers, plants, rocks, sages, gods, and celestial beings—change in harmony with the era. Therefore, my dear Bhima, do not seek to see my former appearance, for I now align with the nature of the present age. Indeed, Time is irresistible.”

Bhima then asked, “Can you tell me about the duration and nature of the different yugas, including the customs, virtues, pursuits, energies, and patterns of life and death in each one?” To this, Hanuman responded, “In the Krita Yuga, also known as the age of Truth, the one eternal religion prevailed. Every being was naturally perfect in virtue, and there was no need for religious rituals. No corruption existed, and there was no decline in population. Because of its purity, this age is called Krita, or ‘Perfect.’ Back then, there were no distinctions like gods or demons, nor were there Gandharvas, Yakshas, Rakshasas, or Nagas. Commerce was absent, and people got life’s necessities simply by wishing for them. The highest merit was found in renunciation, and all creatures lived free from disease, aging, malice, pride, hypocrisy, and fear. Because of this purity, even the Supreme Brahma was attainable for all. The divine Narayana, in this age, took a pure, white form and became the soul of all beings. In Krita Yuga, each order—Brahmana, Kshatriya, Vaisya, and Sudra—naturally adhered to their duties. Brahma was the sole focus of life, and the Vedas existed as one unified scripture. A single mantra, the sacred Om, and a single ordinance guided life. The practice of meditation and focus on the One Supreme Soul marked this era, as did a life naturally led towards liberation.

Next came the Treta Yuga, in which rituals and sacrifices were introduced, and virtue declined by one-fourth. Narayana took on a red hue, and people began to perform rites and pursue religious observances. To achieve goals, people engaged in actions and offerings, adhering strictly to truth, religious rites, and the bestowal of gifts. Though virtue diminished, people still sought righteousness through their assigned duties.

In the Dvapara Yuga, virtue decreased further, and Narayana donned a yellow hue. The Veda divided into four parts, with some studying all four Vedas, some three, others only one, and some none at all. As people fell from truth, they became more vulnerable to diseases, and calamities and desires emerged. In response, people sought penance, sacrifices, and asceticism, although their intentions were often tinged with worldly desires.

Finally, in the Kali Yuga, only a quarter of virtue remains. Narayana appears in a dark hue, and both the Vedas and religious customs fall into disuse. This era brings affliction—disease, exhaustion, anger, scarcity, and other troubles. As virtue fades, living beings experience deterioration in their very nature. Religious acts in this age may produce unintended or adverse effects, and these changes influence even those who live through many yugas. This, my dear Bhima, is how the ages progress, with each yuga having distinct characteristics and virtues, as I have described.

Lessons from Hanumans’ advice to Bhima

The conversation between Bhimasena and Hanuman offers several profound lessons:

Respect for Changing Times and Circumstances – Hanuman emphasizes that each era (yuga) has its unique characteristics and challenges, reminding us that times and circumstances constantly change. This encourages us to adapt our actions and perspectives to align with the realities of our time, rather than being bound by the past.

Acceptance of Impermanence – Hanuman’s diminished form illustrates that even great beings undergo change. This highlights impermanence, prompting graceful acceptance of change and present appreciation.

Understanding Different Virtues and Values Across Ages – Each yuga has a distinct moral structure and form of virtue. The Krita Yuga, for instance, was an age of purity and simplicity, while challenges and moral decline mark the Kali Yuga. This teaches us that virtues evolve with time, and what was easy in one age may require greater effort in another.

Need for Self-Knowledge and Adaptation – Hanuman explains how beings, including divine ones, adjust to the nature of each age. This emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and adaptability—knowing oneself and being flexible to circumstances helps maintain harmony with the world.

The Role of Time (Kala) as the Supreme Force – Hanuman’s emphasis on “Time is irresistible” reminds us that time governs all aspects of existence. Acknowledging the power of time encourages us to live wisely, make thoughtful decisions, and act with humility.

Detachment and Contentment with Current Reality – Rather than longing for his former, more powerful form, Hanuman accepts and respects his present state. This teaches us to embrace who we are now, without attachment to past glories or dissatisfaction with present limitations.

Spiritual Discipline According to Era – Different ages demand different spiritual practices. The Krita Yuga emphasized simple meditation on Brahma, while later ages required actions and sacrifices. This encourages us to adapt our spiritual and personal practices according to the present needs and challenges, rather than following rituals that may no longer resonate.

Humility in Learning – Bhima’s respectful attitude towards Hanuman shows the importance of being humble when seeking knowledge.

Personal Development – The need to align one’s practices with the current age and time. Understanding that what worked in the past may not work in the present.

These lessons highlight adaptability, the importance of being grounded in the present, and the wisdom of flowing with time’s inevitable changes. They encourage us to accept, adapt, and live with humility and purpose, regardless of life’s challenges or shifts.

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Bhima meets Hanuman

A wind blew from the northeast, carrying with it a radiant lotus of a thousand petals, shining like the sun. Draupadi, seeing this celestial flower with its intoxicating fragrance, was filled with joy. She picked up the lotus and said to Bhima, “Look, O Bhima! This beautiful, otherworldly flower, its fragrance so pure, fills my heart with happiness. I shall present it to Yudhishthira, the just. But I wish to have more of these flowers, O son of Kunti. If I have earned your love, bring me more of these lotuses, so I may take them back to our hermitage in Kamyaka.”

Hearing Draupadi’s request, Bhima, eager to please her, dashed in the direction from where the flower had come, determined to gather more. Armed with his mighty bow, Bhima moved like a lion on the hunt or an elephant in rut, unafraid, his steps shaking the ground beneath him. As he ascended the slopes of the Gandhamadana mountain, he marvelled at its beauty, covered with trees, creepers, and flowers of every season, and inhabited by magical beings like Kinnaras. The mountain resembled an arm of the earth adorned with ornaments, its rocky base gleaming with minerals and flowing waters. Bhima felt the cool breeze carrying the fragrance of flowers, refreshing him and filling him with renewed vigour. He traversed the mountainside, his strength undiminished, brushing past the foliage and creatures that watched him in awe. The stags and animals, unfamiliar with fear, did not flee from him. Intent on fulfilling Draupadi’s wish, Bhima moved swiftly, his body as strong and golden as a lion’s, exuding the energy of a wild elephant.

As he roamed the mountains, Duryodhana’s injustices reminded Bhima, and he pondered his brothers’ well-being. His heart surged with the desire to complete his task, and he pressed onward, his mind and eyes fixed on the blooming slopes of Gandhamadana. His powerful strides caused the earth to tremble, and his presence frightened the wildlife—lions, tigers, elephants, and deer—all fled before him. The forest echoed with the sounds of animals in distress, and Bhima roared like a thunderous storm, sending the birds flying into the sky in fear.

At the peak of his strength and determination, Bhima reached the summit of Gandhamadana, shaking the trees and uprooting plants with ease. He encountered a vast and beautiful lake, its waters shimmering with lilies and lotuses, fanned by the golden plantain trees on its shore. Bhima, filled with joy, descended into the lake and splashed about like a maddened elephant, enjoying the moment. After his playful respite, Bhima, now focused on his task, blew his mighty conch and struck his arms, filling the air with thunderous sounds that reverberated across the mountains. The echoes of his roars and arm strikes awoke the sleeping lions, elephants, and birds, further amplifying the cacophony. The forest seemed alive with his power.

Suddenly, his path was blocked. Ahead lay a massive monkey, its tail coiled across the narrow way, as if intentionally obstructing Bhima’s route. This was no ordinary monkey—Hanuman, the great monkey chief, rested amidst the forest. Bhima, undeterred, strode toward him with purpose, his eyes fixed on the great figure before him. Hanuman, hearing Bhima’s approach, slowly opened his eyes and spoke with a smile, “Who disturbs my rest? You should show kindness to all creatures, as you possess reason. Why then, do you act with such disregard for the innocent beings of this forest?” Bhima, unshaken by Hanuman’s words, declared his identity as the son of Kunti and the mighty Pandava, born of the wind god Vayu. Hanuman, recognizing Bhima’s pride in his strength, warned him not to continue on his path, saying, “This path leads to the heavens, impassable to mortals. I advise you to turn back.”

Bhima, however, challenged Hanuman, demanding passage or a display of his own strength. Hanuman, with a gentle smile, told Bhima to simply move his tail aside if he was so strong. Bhima, underestimating Hanuman, attempted to lift the tail, but to his shock, he could not budge it even with all his might. Realizing the immense power of this monkey before him, Bhima stood humbled and bowed in respect, asking Hanuman to reveal his true identity.

Hanuman, with compassion, revealed that he was indeed Bhima’s brother, both being sons of the wind god. He spoke of his own deeds, including his leap across the ocean in search of Sita, the wife of Lord Rama. Bhima, awestruck and filled with reverence for Hanuman, listened as his elder brother shared stories of the Ramayana, finally recognizing the immense power and wisdom that lay before him.

In this moment of humility and realization, Bhima found not just the strength he sought, but also a deeper understanding of the true power that resided within him and his family.

Lessons from the meeting of Bhima and Hanuman

The story of Bhima’s encounter with Hanuman offers several important life lessons that can apply to personal growth, leadership, humility, and perseverance. Here are some important points:

1. Humility and Respect – Bhima’s Arrogance vs. Hanuman’s Wisdom: Bhima, full of pride in his physical strength, initially disrespects Hanuman. However, Hanuman, despite his immense power, remains humble and does not show off. Eventually, Bhima learns to show respect and humility when he realizes that strength alone is not everything.No matter how powerful or successful one may be, humility is crucial. Pride can blind us, but respect for others, regardless of their appearance or position, helps us grow.

2. Power of Inner Strength – Bhima’s Struggle with Hanuman’s Tail: Bhima, the mighty Pandava, cannot lift Hanuman’s tail, a symbol of spiritual power. This shows the limitation of physical strength compared to the far superior inner, spiritual strength.True strength comes not only from physical prowess, but also from inner resolve, wisdom, and spiritual power. Balance between physical and inner strength is important.

3. Perseverance and Determination – Bhima’s Quest for Flowers: Bhima’s journey to procure celestial flowers for Draupadi represents determination and the willingness to overcome obstacles for a worthy cause. His relentless effort symbolizes perseverance in the face of challenges.Perseverance in pursuing goals, especially those motivated by love or duty, is essential for success. Obstacles are inevitable, but one must continue striving.

4. Guidance from Elders and the Wise – Hanuman’s Role as Mentor: Despite Bhima’s initial arrogance, Hanuman offers him guidance and advises him on the path he should take. Hanuman also provides valuable insights about life and challenges and teaches Bhima about humility.Wisdom from elders or mentors is invaluable. We should be open to learning from others who may have more experience or knowledge, even if they seem different from us.

5. Collaboration over Conflict – Bhima and Hanuman’s Bond as Brothers: Though they initially seem at odds, Bhima and Hanuman realize they are connected as brothers, both being sons of the wind-God, Vayu. This bond leads to mutual respect and cooperation.Often, apparent conflicts can be resolved by realizing shared goals or common ground. Cooperation and understanding can lead to better outcomes than conflict.

6. The Limits of Ego – Bhima’s Realization: At first, Bhima believes that his strength is unmatched and that he can overcome any obstacle. However, his inability to lift Hanuman’s tail serves as a humbling experience, making him realize the limitations of his ego.Overconfidence can lead to downfall. Recognizing the limits of one’s abilities and learning to manage one’s ego are essential for personal growth.

7. Wisdom over Physical Strength – Hanuman’s calmness: Despite his immense power, Hanuman does not engage in a fight with Bhima. Using wisdom and words, he taught Bhima a lesson, showing that understanding and wisdom, not physical force, can resolve conflicts.Wisdom and intellect are more powerful tools than brute force. Often, situations can be resolved more effectively through calm reasoning than through aggression.

8. Balance Between Strength and Gentleness – Hanuman’s gentle yet powerful demeanour teaches Bhima the importance of balancing strength with gentleness and compassion.

These lessons from the encounter between Bhima and Hanuman highlight the importance of humility, inner strength, perseverance, and respect for wisdom. They provide a framework for personal and professional growth, reminding us that success lies in balancing physical prowess with mental and spiritual growth.

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Is Leadership indispensable?

When Ram Rajya was established, everything was going right for the Gods and Brahma felt it is time for Lord Vishnu to return back to his abode. He informed Rama that his time has come to return to Vaikunta and approached Yama raja to bring him back. The truth is every human being has to die one day even if it is Gods incarnation. Yama raja tried many times but was not able to reach Ram and take away his life because Hanuman guarded Ram’s life. Rama understood the problem Yama raja was facing and decided to trick Hanuman. He dropped his ring that fell into a crack in the floor and then requested Hanuman to go and fetch it.

Hanuman could change his large body into as small as a fly. So he jumped into crack. He followed the crack until he reached patal-loka(Nether world) where he was greeted by Vasuki, king of snakes. Vasuki knew the secret of life and death and also knew that one day a ring will fall and a monkey will follow the ring.

He asked Hanuman what was he looking for? Hanuman replied, I am hanuman and I am looking for Ram’s ring. Vasuki said, come with me I will give you ring. He took Hanuman to a room full of Ram’s rings. And asked him to take anyone. Hanuman was surprised and asked him how can there be so many rings? He replied each ring represent one kal chakra. In every chakra, there is a treta-yuga in which there is a Ram and a Hanuman. Every time Ram will drop his ring and a monkey will come to patal loka searching for his ring. By the time monkey returns back to earth Ram is gone. Hanuman the scholar understood the kal-chakra and he let go his dear God.

But we, the normal human beings do not let GO our desires and feelings!

Every political leader or Chief Executive of a company feels that their country or company will be in turmoil if they leave the position. And therefore cling on to it for ever. As if there will never be another leader of their qualities, capabilities and vision. History says otherwise as new leaders with different perspective and thought process emerge and take the country/company to new heights. Once you complete the assigned/promised task or time, step down and move aside so that new leadership can emerge and take it to the next level.

As per Hindu scriptures, there are four Asramas (stages) in our life. Up to the age of 25, it is Brahmacharya the student phase of life. In this Asrama, one is supposed to acquire knowledge from his teacher and to remain celibate. Next is Grihasthashrama, the stage of life when the person is married and has to fulfil all his duties towards his wife, children, father, and mother. This could be up to the age of 50 or 60. Vanaprastha (retired life) is the retirement stage, where a person progressively hands over household responsibilities to the next generation, takes an advisory role, and gradually withdraw from the world. Above 70 years is the Sanyasa Asrama (renounced life) and it is marked by renunciation of material desires and prejudices, represented by a state of disinterest and detachment from material life, focussed on Moksha, peace and simple spiritual life.

But in India, the land of spirituality, we find people clinging on to positions of power and privileges even after crossing the age of Ninety! New generation should challenge this and bring a perspective change to the society by bringing in old values as mentioned earlier in scriptures.

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